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                                <h1>SEPTAL DEFECT REPAIRS</h1>
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                                <p>Atrial Septal Defect or ASD is a congenital heart disorder in which the upper two chambers (the left atrium and the right atrium) of the patient’s heart have an opening between them, resulting in mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. The size of the opening determines the degree of this mixing. The freshly oxygenated blood coming from the lungs to the left atrium moves to the right atrium and mixes with the deoxygenated blood coming back to the heart from the body. This increases the blood flow through the lungs. The lungs develop a resistance to this excessive flow of blood and eventually, deoxygenated blood begins to flow into the left atrium and the heart begins to pump it through the body. This condition in which inadequately oxygenated blood flows through the body is known as “cyanosis” and causes early fatigue and congestive heart failure in patients.</p>
                                <p>ASD repairs are delicate procedures that generally last between 2 to 3 hours and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass machine, also known as the heart-lung machine is necessary to perform these procedures.</p>
                                <p>Small septal defects are often cured without surgery, however, larger septal defects require immediate surgery to prevent irreversible damage to the coronary function. Surgical closure of ASD can be accomplished by simply sewing the opening, or by use of a tissue patch or synthetic material in case of larger openings.</p>                                
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                                        <h3>INVASIVE CARDIOLOGY</h3>    
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                                            <a href="angiogram.php">Angiogram</a>
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